mRNA sequencing, commonly referred to as RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq), is a cutting-edge technique in molecular biology that enables researchers to conduct a thorough analysis of the transcriptome. This includes all the messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules found in a cell or tissue at a particular moment in time. This method enables researchers to explore gene expression patterns and understand cellular functions and biological responses under various conditions in great detail. Unlike traditional gene expression techniques such as microarrays, mRNA sequencing boasts higher sensitivity, a broader dynamic range, and the capacity to identify novel transcripts and rare variants without needing prior knowledge of the gene sequences.